Journal: Inflammation and Regeneration

Article Title: Novel artificial nerve transplantation of human iPSC-derived neurite bundles enhanced nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury

doi: 10.1186/s41232-024-00319-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Early-stage tissue evaluation after neurite bundle-derived artificial nerve transplantation. a , b Immunohistochemistry images with anti-NFH and anti-CD31 antibodies. Dotted arrows indicate the proximal side of the intact nerve areas, and solid arrows indicate the NFH- and CD31-positive regeneration tip in the reconstructed tissue. Scale bars = 1 mm. c , d Quantitative comparison of axonal extension distance was indicated by NFH-positive areas and that of vascular elongation distance was demonstrated by CD31-positive areas at 1 and 2 weeks after transplantation. Significant differences between groups elongation distances were observed in 2-week samples only. e , f Iba1 immunohistochemistry image of the proximal part of the regenerated tissue at 2 weeks after transplantation (e). Scale bars = 1 mm. Quantitative analysis of Iba1-positive areas demonstrated that a larger number of macrophages aggregated in the Auto, motor TP and sensory TP (f). ( n = 3). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, N.S. = not significant. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used in this study were human polyclonal anti-pan-ELAVL (ELAV-like protein 2/3/4) antibody (1:2000, kindly provided from Prof. Robert Darnell, Rockefeller University), rabbit polyclonal anti-TrkA antibody (1:500, kindly provided from Prof. Louis F. Reichardt, UCSF), chicken polyclonal anti-TrkB antibody (1:500, kindly provided from Prof. Louis F. Reichardt, UCSF), goat polyclonal anti-TrkC antibody (AF373, 1:200, R&D systems), rabbit polyclonal anti-parvalbumin antibody (PV-28, 1:1000, Swant), rabbit polyclonal anti-CGRP antibody (BML-CA1134, 1:500, Enzo Life Sciences), Goat polyclonal anti-Choline acetyltransferase antibody (AB144P, 1:200, Chemicon), Mouse monoclonal anti-Islet1 and Islet2 antibody (39.4D5, 1:200, DSHB), rabbit polyclonal anti-Neurofilament heavy polypeptide antibody (ab8135, 1:500, Abcam), goat polyclonal anti-mouse and anti-rat CD31 (AF3628, 1:100, R&D), rabbit polyclonal anti-Iba1 antibody (GtX100042, 1:500, GeneTex), goat anti-GFP antibody (600–101-215, 1:1000, Rockland).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Transplantation Assay, Immunohistochemistry, Comparison

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: Fragmentation of cell‐free DNA is induced by upper‐tract urothelial carcinoma–associated systemic inflammation

doi: 10.1111/cas.14679

Figure Lengend Snippet: A, The comparison of the concentration of each cytokine between the group with shorter plasma cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) fragment size (<166 bp) and the group with longer plasma cfDNA fragment size (166 bp≤). A comparison between the two groups was performed by Wilcoxon test, * P < .05, ** P < .01. B, The scatterplot of the fragment size of plasma cfDNA and the serum level of each cytokine (tumor necrosis factor‐α [TNFα], interleukin‐6 [IL‐6], interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist [IL‐1ra]) in upper‐tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients. The blue line shows the correlation curve, and the grey area represents a 95% confidence interval [CI]

Article Snippet: PBMCs cultures were incubated with the three cytokines as follows: TNFα (1‐100 ng/mL), IL‐6 (10‐100 ng/mL), or IL‐1ra (10‐100 ng/mL) (FUJIFILM).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: Fragmentation of cell‐free DNA is induced by upper‐tract urothelial carcinoma–associated systemic inflammation

doi: 10.1111/cas.14679

Figure Lengend Snippet: Measurement of the proportion of short fragment fraction in cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMCs]. Proportions of short fragment fraction of cfDNA in the culture supernatant of cytokine‐untreated PBMCs and TNFα‐treated PBMCs (10 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL). (* P < .05). A, Proportions of short fragment fraction of cfDNA in the culture supernatant of cytokine‐untreated PBMCs and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6)‐treated PBMCs (10 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL). B, Proportions of short fragment fraction of cfDNA in the culture supernatant of cytokine‐untreated PBMCs and IL‐1ra–treated PBMCs (10 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL). A comparison among the three groups was performed by Dunn's multiple comparison test, * P < .05

Article Snippet: PBMCs cultures were incubated with the three cytokines as follows: TNFα (1‐100 ng/mL), IL‐6 (10‐100 ng/mL), or IL‐1ra (10‐100 ng/mL) (FUJIFILM).

Techniques: Derivative Assay